Improve indoor air quality using house plants

In his book How to Grow Fresh Air (Penguin Books), Dr. B. C. Wolverton shares his NASA research on cleaning indoor air using house plants. The research was originally conducted for NASA, for improving air quality in space stations and long manned missions.

He tested fifty plants for their ability to remove toxic gases. Some plants does it better than others, though no plant is best at everything, as this chart shows:

ChemicalBest plant
AcetonePeace Lilly
AmmoniaLady Palm
FormaldehydeBoston fern
Toluene & XyleneAreca Palm

Some of the best overall plants are several palm trees (such as the Areca Palm, and Lady Palm), as well as Dracaenas and Chrysanthemums. The book lists fifty plants, with easy charts for choosing the right type, based on their abilities and requirements for light, temperature, etc.

It does seem that a lot of plants are needed to make any difference, more than most people would be comfortable having in their living room. As other texts point out, plants causes evaporation of water, and higher humidity is undesirable as it makes it easier for mites and molds to grow. Formaldehyde and other volatile chemicals also outgas more in a humid environment. Plants can also house molds.


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